SpecificationsProgramming Specifications

Programming Specifications Library

Detailed programming protocols and communication standards

Programming Protocols

OBD-II Programming

On-Board Diagnostics programming through standard OBD port

Standards:

ISO 14230 (KWP2000)ISO 15765 (CAN)SAE J1939

Applications:

Honda HISSYamaha ImmobilizerKawasaki KISSSuzuki SISS

Technical Specifications:

Baud Rate
10.4 kbps / 500 kbps bps
Voltage Level
12V ± 1V V
Communication
K-Line / CAN Bus
Timing
5ms - 20ms ms

Direct ECU Programming

Direct connection to ECU for low-level programming

Standards:

Manufacturer SpecificJTAGSPII2C

Applications:

BMW EWSDucati ImmobilizerKTM SecurityTriumph SMART

Technical Specifications:

Voltage Level
3.3V / 5V V
Clock Speed
1MHz - 25MHz MHz
Data Rate
100kbps - 10Mbps bps
Access Level
Bootloader / Application

Immobilizer Programming

Programming through dedicated immobilizer interface

Standards:

ISO 11898 (CAN)LIN BusProprietary

Applications:

All BrandsAftermarket SystemsUniversal Modules

Technical Specifications:

Bus Speed
125kbps - 1Mbps bps
Frame Format
Standard / Extended
Arbitration
CSMA/CD
Error Detection
CRC-15

Timing Specifications

Initialization Timing

Critical timing parameters for communication initialization

ParameterMinTypicalMaxUnitDescription
Power-On Delay100250500msDelay after power-on before communication
Wake-Up Time102550msTime to wake ECU from sleep mode
Sync Pattern51015msSynchronization pattern duration

Communication Timing

Timing requirements during active communication

ParameterMinTypicalMaxUnitDescription
Inter-Frame Gap1510msGap between communication frames
Response Timeout50100200msMaximum wait time for response
Keep-Alive Interval100020005000msKeep-alive message interval

Programming Timing

Timing specifications for programming operations

ParameterMinTypicalMaxUnitDescription
Erase Time1005001000msTime to erase memory sector
Write Time1510msTime to write single byte
Verify Time1050100msTime to verify written data

Security Protocols

Low

Level 1 - Basic

Basic security with simple authentication

Features:

  • Fixed Key Authentication
  • Simple Challenge-Response
  • Basic Encryption

Applications:

Older ModelsBasic Aftermarket
Medium

Level 2 - Standard

Standard security with rolling codes

Features:

  • Rolling Code Authentication
  • Seed-Key Algorithm
  • CRC Validation

Applications:

Most Modern BikesOEM Systems
High

Level 3 - Advanced

Advanced security with encryption

Features:

  • AES Encryption
  • PKI Authentication
  • Secure Boot

Applications:

Premium ModelsLatest Systems

Communication Standards

ISO 14230 (KWP2000)

Keyword Protocol 2000 for diagnostic communication

Physical Layer:
K-Line
Speed:
10.4 kbps
Applications:
HondaYamahaOlder Systems

Key Features:

  • Single wire communication
  • Keyword-based protocol
  • Diagnostic services

ISO 15765 (CAN)

Controller Area Network for vehicle communication

Physical Layer:
CAN Bus
Speed:
125 kbps - 1 Mbps
Applications:
BMWDucatiModern Systems

Key Features:

  • Multi-master bus
  • Error detection
  • Priority-based arbitration

SAE J1939

Heavy-duty vehicle network communication

Physical Layer:
CAN Bus
Speed:
250 kbps
Applications:
Large MotorcyclesCommercial Vehicles

Key Features:

  • Parameter groups
  • Network management
  • Diagnostic protocols

Programming Safety Guidelines

  • • Always verify protocol compatibility before attempting programming
  • • Ensure stable power supply during programming operations
  • • Follow manufacturer-specific timing requirements precisely
  • • Use appropriate security levels and authentication methods
  • • Maintain backup of original programming before modifications